Understanding Explicit Learning

Explicit learning is a type of learning that involves conscious awareness and effort. Unlike implicit learning, which occurs without us realizing it, explicit learning requires us to actively engage with the material. It’s like flipping a light switch on: we are fully aware of what we are trying to learn and how we are going about it.

Characteristics of Explicit Learning

• Conscious Process: We know we are learning.
• Intentional: We set out to learn something specific.
• Structured: Often involves organized methods and materials.

Types of Explicit Learning

1. Declarative Learning: This involves learning facts and information. For example, memorizing dates for a history exam.
2. Procedural Learning: This is about acquiring skills through practice. For instance, learning to ride a bike by following step-by-step instructions.

Steps for Effective Explicit Learning

To make the most of explicit learning, consider the following strategies:

• Set Clear Goals: Determine what you want to learn and why. This gives you a focus.
• Use Active Learning Techniques: Engage with the material through discussions, teaching others, or applying what you’ve learned in real-life scenarios.
• Break Information Into Chunks: Divide the material into smaller, manageable parts to avoid feeling overwhelmed.
• Regular Review: Go over what you’ve learned periodically to reinforce your memory.

Real-Life Examples

• Learning a New Language: You might enroll in a language class or use apps like Duolingo, where you intentionally practice vocabulary and grammar.
• Cooking: Following a recipe step-by-step allows you to learn the process of making a dish explicitly.
• Studying for Exams: Reviewing notes and textbooks with the specific aim of understanding concepts illustrates explicit learning in action.

Categories of Explicit Learning

• Formal Learning: Structured educational settings like schools and universities.
• Informal Learning: Self-directed learning through books, online courses, and workshops.

By understanding and utilizing explicit learning, you can enhance your ability to acquire new knowledge and skills effectively. Whether you’re a psychology student, a patient exploring cognitive strategies, or just someone curious about learning processes, embracing explicit learning can lead you to success.