Construal Level Theory (CLT) is a psychological framework that explains how the psychological distance of an event affects our thoughts and behaviors. It can be applied to various fields, including therapy. In this blog, we'll explore both the advantages and disadvantages of using CLT in therapeutic settings.

What is Construal Level Theory?

CLT posits that events that are psychologically closer to us (in terms of time, space, social distance, etc.) are thought about in a more concrete manner, while events that are further away are viewed more abstractly. For instance, if someone is facing a personal crisis, they may think about it in very detailed terms (concrete) compared to someone who is just reading about a similar crisis happening in another country (abstract).

Advantages of Construal Level Theory in Therapy

1. Enhanced Perspective-Taking

• CLT encourages individuals to understand situations from different perspectives, which can foster empathy. For example, a patient might learn to view their issues not only from their own viewpoint but also from someone else’s, promoting understanding and compassion.

2. Goal Setting

• By applying CLT, therapists can help clients set both short-term and long-term goals. For instance, someone looking to lose weight can focus on immediate, actionable steps while also keeping the long-term benefits in mind.

3. Coping Strategies

• CLT can be used to help clients develop more effective coping strategies. When a person is faced with a stressful situation, understanding the broader context can help them manage their emotions better. For example, someone who has lost a job can be guided to think about both the immediate hardships and the future opportunities that may arise.

4. Motivation Improvement

• Therapists can utilize CLT to motivate clients by linking their current behaviors to their long-term aspirations. This can help clients feel more connected to their goals and more motivated to pursue them.

Disadvantages of Construal Level Theory in Therapy

1. Over-Abstract Thinking

• One significant drawback is that focusing too much on abstract concepts can lead clients to feel disconnected from their immediate experiences. For example, a patient may become so engrossed in future possibilities that they neglect to address their current feelings of anxiety.

2. Misinterpretation of Distance

• Clients may misinterpret what is psychologically distant, leading to confusion or misdirection in therapy. For instance, a therapist might encourage a client to think about a distant goal, but if the client cannot relate to it, it may feel irrelevant and unachievable.

3. Complexity in Application

• Applying CLT in a therapeutic context can sometimes become complicated. Therapists need to be skilled in balancing concrete and abstract thinking, which might not always be easy to achieve within sessions.

4. Individual Differences

• Not every client will respond the same way to CLT strategies. Some individuals might find it helpful, while others might struggle with the abstract nature of some CLT-based discussions.

Real-Life Examples

• Case of Goal Setting: A client aiming to improve their social skills might benefit from setting immediate, small goals, such as initiating a conversation every day. At the same time, discussing their long-term desire to build deep friendships can keep them motivated.

• Case of Coping Strategies: During a session, a therapist might ask a client who is feeling overwhelmed by work to think about how they would advise a friend in the same position. This can help the client gain a new perspective and develop effective coping strategies.

Conclusion

While Construal Level Theory offers various advantages in therapeutic settings, such as improved perspective-taking and motivational strategies, it also has its drawbacks, including the potential for over-abstract thinking and misinterpretation of psychological distance. Therapists must carefully consider these factors to effectively integrate CLT into their practice.