Cognitive Evaluation Theory
Cognitive Evaluation Theory (CET) is a fascinating concept in psychology that helps us understand how we evaluate our own motivations and feelings. Developed by Edward Deci and Richard Ryan, this theory focuses on how external factors can influence our intrinsic motivation. Let’s break it down in a simple way!
What is Cognitive Evaluation Theory?
Cognitive Evaluation Theory suggests that our motivation can be affected by the way we perceive our environment and the feedback we receive. It emphasizes two key components:
- Intrinsic Motivation: This is the drive to do something because we find it enjoyable or satisfying.
- Extrinsic Motivation: This is when we engage in an activity for external rewards, like money or praise.
How Does CET Work?
CET proposes that external factors can enhance or undermine our intrinsic motivation. Here’s how:
- Feedback: Positive feedback can enhance intrinsic motivation. For example, if a student receives praise for their project, they may feel more motivated to pursue similar tasks in the future.
- Rewards: Tangible rewards might reduce intrinsic motivation. If a child is given money for doing chores they once enjoyed, they might start to see chores as just a way to earn money rather than something fun.
Types of Motivation in CET
Cognitive Evaluation Theory outlines two main types of motivation:
- Autonomous Motivation: This is when we engage in activities out of personal interest or enjoyment. For example, someone who plays the guitar for fun is intrinsically motivated.
- Controlled Motivation: This occurs when our actions are driven by external pressures or rewards. For example, a person might only work out to fit into a dress for an event, rather than for personal health.
Real-Life Examples
Let’s explore some real-life scenarios to see CET in action:
Workplace Setting: Imagine an employee who loves their job but starts receiving bonuses for extra work. Initially, the bonuses boost their motivation. However, if they feel pressured to always outperform to keep the bonuses, their intrinsic enjoyment may decrease over time.
Education: A student who reads for pleasure may lose interest if they are suddenly graded on their reading. The shift from enjoyment to evaluation can cause a decline in their intrinsic motivation to read.
Comparison: Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation
Here’s a quick comparison to clarify the differences:
| Aspect | Intrinsic Motivation | Extrinsic Motivation |
|---|---|---|
| Source of Motivation | Internal enjoyment and satisfaction | External rewards and recognition |
| Example | Playing a game for fun | Playing a game to win a prize |
| Long-term Impact | Often leads to sustained interest | May lead to loss of interest after rewards cease |
Categories of Factors Influencing CET
Factors that can influence cognitive evaluation include:
- Choice: The more control we have over our choices, the higher our intrinsic motivation.
- Competence: Feeling skilled at a task can enhance intrinsic motivation.
- Relatedness: Positive social interactions can lead to higher intrinsic motivation.
In summary, Cognitive Evaluation Theory offers valuable insights into how our motivations are shaped by the interplay of internal desires and external influences. Understanding this can help us foster environments—whether at work, school, or home—that enhance our intrinsic motivations.